(1) More recently, the cause of these problems has been identified: the association of a fungal endophyte that resides within the leaves, sheaths, and flower culms of tall fescue.(2) The main culms of the plants were harvested at anthesis, 18 days post-anthesis and at maturity.(3) The u2018solitaryu2019 appearance of this plant is not a good character, as the species forms small clumps; one individual on disturbed ground at the Berkeley County site formed a rather large clump with 9 flowering culms .(4) At the lower end of this maximum, the portion of this tissue decreases, but closer to the ground, the stems, and often also the culms of the grasses, increase (as can easily be seen in trees), and produce a second maximum.(5) We also realized that the culms of plants tend to elongate as the growing season progresses.