(1) He then unsuccessfully attempted to cannulate the umbilical vein.(2) After anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium (70 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), each animal's trachea, carotid artery, and jugular vein were cannulated .(3) Therefore, a left groin incision was made under local anesthesia and the left common femoral artery and vein were cannulated .(4) Central venous cannulation is an oft performed and sometimes life saving procedure, and lack of competence in this technique among physicians in training suggests that training needs to be changed.(5) After the cannulation sites are prepared, the surgeon proceeds with aortic cannulation and venous cannulation .(6) The hepatic vein is cannulated and a tract created through the liver parenchyma from the hepatic to the portal vein, with a needle under ultrasonographic and fluoroscopic guidance.(7) If calcium is identified in the aorta, the surgeon can alter his or her approach to cannulation and proximal graft sites by cannulating in a noncalcified area, cannulating in the femoral vessels, or grafting to the left subclavian artery.(8) The left lower forelimb vein was cannulated for intravenous administration of anesthesia and pancuronium bromide.(9) The article by Wallach in this issue reminds us that even such a frequently used and seemingly benign procedure as cannulation of the radial artery can result in serious complications.(10) Critically ill patients and patients undergoing major surgery, such as cardiovascular or neurosurgical procedures, often require arterial cannulation .
